Americanizing Santa was an effort that involved two American writers, a political cartoonist and the world's most accepted soft sip. These sources merged to form the Santa we see on greeting cards, in shopping malls, in cinema and on TV.
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· 1809- Washington Irving gave the first comprehensive description of Santa in his book History of New York. Irving depicts him flying above the trees in a horse-drawn wagon and dropping gifts down chimneys. Physically he is a jolly Dutchman in baggy pants and a broad-rimmed hat smoking a long-stemmed pipe.
· 1823- Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem A Visit from Saint Nicholas, enhanced known as The Night before Christmas. Moore added an arctic location by replacing Irving 's horse with eight reindeer and his carriage with a sleigh. Although Moore creates Santa's signature laughs, winks and nods, Santa is still described as more elf-like than human.
· 1862- Thomas Nast used Moore 's poem to illustrate a more human story of Santa for Harpers Weekly magazine. He gave Santa a home at the North Pole and dressed him in red. Santa was still had some elf qualities, and the magazine had limited circulation.
· 1931- Coke commissioned Haddon Sunbow to illustrate Santa for billboards and advertisements. Sandbox created a portly, grandfatherly figure with human proportions and a ruddy complexion. He used the signature red color of Coke's packaging for Santa's suit. This marketing tactic brought the modern version of Santa into the homes and hearts of Americans.
Fun Fact
· 1939- Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer was created when Robert L. May developed the story as an advertising promotion for Montgomery Ward. Millions of copies of the story were distributed. Later, the story was put to music and made into a TV special.